Fort Marlborough is a building fortress located on the coast of Tapak Padri - Bengkulu City. Marlborough fort was built by the colonial British in 1914 - 1719 under the leadership of Governor General Josef Colin during their occupation in the region of Bengkulu. Fort Marlborough is the largest fort ever built by the United Nations during colonialism in Southeast Asia.
 |
| Visit to Fort Marlborough |
Construction of buildings castle Fort Marlborough is indeed very thick with the British architectural style of the 20th century the 'magnificent' and 'established'. The overall shape of the fortress complex of buildings that resemble a cross-body 'turtle' is very impressive strength and grandeur. Details of building European Taste impress the existence of a great nation and prevail at that time. Of the many relics of Fort Marlborough is still contained in the fortress may also note that in his time the building also serves as a center of various activities including offices, even in prison.
Various historical record have occurred in the Fort Marlborough was, among others about the events in the life of the British nation in Bengkulu that time, several weddings among them, the stories commerce of spices, wars that have taken place and the story of the death of Hamilton, the death of Thomas Parr and submission / control of this castle for about six months by a resistance Tobo Bengkulu with Rajo Lelo her.
In an age that has reached three centuries, Fort Marlborough value is certainly more than just a historic building located in Bengkulu this Earth. Fort Marlborough but also the 'inscription' which tells the story of the fabric of the interaction of two different nations, namely the English and Malay people Bengkulu '. Fort Marlborough like a 'gem' history that unites the sweet memories of two different nations in a string necklace 'peradaban' his honor respectively. Fort Marlborough is a site that not to be missed when tourists visited Bengkulu.
In 1807 Thomas Parr killed along with assistant pribadinnya Captain Charles Murray. In 1825 Fort Malborough fortress was retaken by the British led by Thomas Rafles. British Army stationed in Fort Malborough numbered 90 people. After that, on June 29, 1825 the British made an exchange agreement by the Dutch colony that isinnya Bengkulu swap with Singapore. The treaty called Raftap Of London.
Usefulness Fort Malborough fort for England:
1. Defense
2. Protection
3. The trade center
From that time (years 1825-1942) Dutch occupied Bengkulu and create an office of the spice trade (soiled, clove, coffee, Palah) called VOC (East India Company) in 1883. In 1938 Soekarna interrogated at fortress Fort Malborough , In 1942 the Dutch left for Europe dominated by Germany (Nazi).
In the years 1950-1983 the castle occupied by Kodim troops of the Republic of Indonesia. When the fort was used as a detention cell G30SPKI events (PKI). In 1984 the castle was taken over by the Ministry of Education. In 1994 the castle was taken over by the tourism department of Bengkulu province.
.jpg "Visit to Fort Marlborough") |
| Story Of Fort Marlborough |
The story
Marlborough is the designation and its official name, but local people call it Malabro, (reportedly Malioboro comes from the Marlborough too, right?). The name of this castle using the name of a nobleman and hero of England, John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough I.
The fortress was built by the trading business from the UK, East Indian Company early 18th century (1713-1719). Governors at that time named Joseph Callet. The building resembles a tortoise castle stands on an area of approximately 44,100 square meters and facing south.
British colonial rule master Bengkulu province for approximately 140 years (1685-1825). So this fort still has a shape that corresponds to the building's original design of the 17th century. The shape is similar to a picture fort fortress in western movies were surrounded by a moat and there is a bridge, situated on the seafront.
At the beginning of this fort for military purposes, but then also serves to control the trade and trade lines passing through the Sunda Strait.
In the reign of Thomas Stamford Raffles in 1818 - 1824 Bengkulu become famous. (Carrion flower, Rafflesia Arnoldi, took the name of Raffles is now the epitome of Bengkulu province). In 1825 the British who controlled Bengkulu exchanging with the Dutch master Malaysia and Singapore. The Netherlands subsequently occupy Malborough fort until World War II that finally all the Sumatra region occupied by the Japanese until the Japanese surrendered in 1945. After independence in 1945 the fort was used by the military and police until 1970. After the independence of Indonesia Bengkulu is one Residency in South Sumatra Province, new in 1968 Bengkulu province materialize into a stand-alone and separated from the province of South Sumatra.
Even this fortress once used as a place of detention Bung Karno.
Here is also used as a residence of British military officials, similar to a small town, visible from the record that remains extant associated with marriage, baptism and death.
Fort Marlborough Alarming Condition
"We expect the next historic attractions that can be managed Bengkulu city government so that maintenance can be guaranteed and not like now is quite alarming," he said, Thursday (19/10/2011)
Fort Marlborough is a bastion of the British army building, located on the coast of Tapak Padri-city of Bengkulu. The fort was built by the colonial British in 1914-1719 under the leadership of Governor General Josef Colin.
During their occupation in Bengkulu region Marlborough fort is the largest fort ever built by the United Nations during colonialism in Southeast Asia.
"It was a very historic building once because the construction of the fortress Fort Marlborough is indeed very thick with shades of English architecture of the 20th century are magnificent and well-established tuk whole complex of buildings fortress that resembles a cross section of the tortoise's body is very impressive strength and grandeur," he said.
Therefore, Bengkulu City Government proposes to the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy that Fort Marlborough is managed by the City of Bengkulu as cultural tourism and education.
Bengkulu Mayor Ahmad Kenedi said this during the British forts was managed by the Archaeological Field Jambi to Bengkulu city government have trouble doing various activities at the site.
"I have sent a letter of request to the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy that the management of the largest British fort in Southeast Asia was ahead manageable Bengkulu city government," he said.
As a result of archaeological management is still held in Jambi Province revitalization, restoration, repair, local revenue (PAD) and the promotion of tourism can not be done optimally. Though the location of the museum is located in the city of Bengkulu.
"We want to do but could not get anything and feel awkward citadel in the city of Bengkulu but full management in Jambi Province, we seem to just be a spectator," added the mayor.
When the management of British fort was entrusted to the municipal government of Bengkulu, the benefits can be felt both as a tourism culture and education. In addition, continued Kenedi, it could mengganggarkan budget for maintenance.
History
Construction of buildings castle Fort Marlborough is indeed very thick with the British architectural style of the 20th century the 'magnificent' and 'established'. The overall shape of the fortress complex of buildings that resemble a cross-body 'turtle' is very impressive strength and grandeur. Details of building European Taste impress the existence of a great nation and prevail at that time. Of the many relics of Fort Marlborough is still contained in the fortress may also note that in his time the building also serves as a center of various activities including offices, even in prison.
Various historical record have occurred in the Fort Marlborough was, among others about the events in the life of the British nation in Bengkulu that time, several weddings among them, the stories commerce of spices, wars that have taken place and the story of the death of Hamilton, the death of Thomas Parr and submission / control of this castle for about six months by a resistance Tobo Bengkulu with Rajo Lelo her.
In an age that has reached three centuries, Fort Marlborough value is certainly more than just a historic building located in Bengkulu this Earth. Fort Marlborough but also the 'inscription' which tells the story of the fabric of the interaction of two different nations, namely the English and Malay people Bengkulu '. Fort Marlborough like a 'gem' history that unites the sweet memories of two different nations in a string necklace 'peradaban' his honor respectively. Fort Marlborough is a site that not to be missed when tourists visited Bengkulu.
B.Riwayat preservation
In an effort to preserve and protect the fortress from possible damage in the 1977/1978 financial year sd. 1983/1984 the restoration by the Project Development and Maintenance of Heritage and Archaeology Bengkulu. The restoration includes the head of a turtle, tortoise feet west and north, the bridge (pole security wall), manufacture of doors and windows and landscapes. In 1984, Fort Marlborough purnapugar inaugurated by the Director General of Culture.
Subsequent maintenance efforts conducted by the Center for Heritage Preservation Work Area Jambi Province Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Bangka Belitung and in collaboration with the Project Development and Maintenance of Heritage and Archaeology Bengkulu. Includes the appointment of interpreters maintained in 1994, the realignment landscape fortress in 1992, the conservation cannon fort in 1997 and the removal of all security (security guards) in 1998.
In addition to supporting the implementation of the preservation of the building and its environment with more leverage also do zoning and site evaluation keterawatan condition after restoration by the Project Development Section of Historical and Archaeological Bengkulu in 1997/1998. The restoration is then carried out by the Project Utilization of Historical and Archeological Jambi from fiscal year 2002 sd. 2004.
You Can Also Find
Privileged Fort Marlborough lies in the structure consisting of parts that are very complete. The fortress has a rectangular bastions (building guard) at its four corners. To enter the main building inside the fort, visitors must pass through the main entrance arch shaped perfectly located on the southwest side. However, before arriving at the main building, visitors must first pass the bridge that connects the entrance to the main building because the castle is surrounded by a moat that forms the shape of the fort buildings. In a hallway before entering the bridge, visitors can find four pieces of tombstones, 2 of which are relics in the Fort York (fortress built by the British before the Fort Marlborough). On the tombstones are printed the name of George Shaw (1704), Richard Watts Esq (1705), James Cune (1737), and Henry Stirling (1774).
Bastion-bastion contained in the four corners of the pentagon-shaped fort Marlborough. The bastion Bastion-dikelillingi by walls equipped with reconnaissance triangular slit. In the southern bastion, visitors can see the rest of rail cannon circular. While on bastion in the south and east stick 8 pieces of iron rings, each of which is one meter.
At every bastion at Fort Marlborough on average had two rooms. These rooms have ceiling curved and comes with a 80 cm diameter hole that penetrates to the top of the bastion. Rooms in this bastion was used as a prison for detainees the British government.
In addition to the bastion-bastion, in Fort Marlborough there are also several other buildings, located between the northern and eastern bastion, among bastion south and west, and between the southern and eastern bastion. The building located between the northern and eastern bastion berbetuk rectangle, divided into two buildings, which is on the left and on the right, separated by a hallway that connects to the rear door of the castle. The building on the left consists of three rooms, while building on the right consists of 4 rooms. These rooms are equipped with windows that form a rectangle.
The building is located between the southern and western bastion is also rectangular in shape, has two rooms, but the hallway that separates the building connects to the main gate. The building to the left is composed of 3 rooms, while the building right has 7 rooms. Rooms in this building is equipped with a curved window.
In contrast to the form of other buildings, buildings located between the eastern and southern bastion rectangular and has only one room, but the size is the longest when compared to rooms in other buildings. The room is equipped with doors and windows curvilinear. The room is not equipped with a roof, just a floor by floor tile glazed brown. However, this room is the only room that has a well. Well wall one meter in diameter, is made of brick with walls of connective pattern Britain.
In ancient times, this fort also has an underground tunnel that serves as a liaison out. Among these are the underground tunnel leading to Long Beach, Tapak Padri, and the County Hall (Governor's Palace). But because it is not maintained, the tunnels eventually be closed by itself. By the Provincial Government of Bengkulu, the underground tunnels of this plan will function as before, so keisitimewaan Fort Marlborough become increasingly complete.
Fort Marlborough existence as budaa heritage objects should be retained because given its role in the past. In the past, this castle is one of the historical evidence of the Indonesian struggle against and defend the independence of Indonesia. Besides the fort and the area surrounding neighborhoods showed a distinctive architectural characteristics. The specificity is evident from the architectural style that exhibits a characteristic area of the city that never get diverse influences, ranging from the effect of the UK, the Netherlands, and Japan as well as the struggle for independence. Given this characteristic, then the Marlborough fort became one of the cultural tourism assets mainstay for Bengkulu.
0 komentar:
Post a Comment