Bali is known as the 'island of a thousand temples' because in this island there are more than 11,000 building the temple. That said, in some places in Bali, the number of temples and even exceeded the number of houses.
One of the largest temple is regarded as the mother temple in Bali (the mother temple) is Pura Besakih. Besakih Temple is located at the foot of Mount Agung, the highest mountain on the island of Bali which the local community is considered as a sacred mountain. On March 17, 1963 (other versions mention March 18) Mount Agung erupted and killed more than 1,000 people and damaging villages in the vicinity. But that fascinate, Besakih 'untouchable' by the natural disaster, but the distance is only about 1 km from the summit of Mount Agung.
According to the story develops, the location of the temple have been because it was considered a sacred area. In ancient Javanese language, Besakih, Wasuki, or basuki meaning "congratulations". In addition, Besakih name is also associated with Naga Basuki, the figure of a dragon that becomes part of the public confidence in the slopes of Mount Agung in pre-Hindu. Therefore, the temple is considered a holy place, then the visitors who want to enter the temple Balinese required to wear gloves.
B. Features
Besakih is a complex place of worship Hindu temple consists of 22 buildings. According to estimates by experts, the development process Besakih take over 1,000 years to reach its present form. Evidence of the megalithic historical relics found around the temple complex, such as menhirs, stone throne, and the structure of the pyramid-shaped terrace strengthen these estimates.
This temple is built on the concept of Tri Hita Karana, the concept of balance between man, nature and God. Structuring the temple building adapted to the direction of the wind so that the structure can represent nature as the symbolism of their balance.
Each direction of the wind is called a mandala with the god of the so-called "Gods Chess Lokapala". As the center (axis / center) of the four cardinal directions are Penataran Besakih, the biggest temple dedicated to Shiva surrounded by other ostensibly. On the east Penataran there Pura Dark used to worship the god Iswara; in the south there are Kiduling Kereteg temple to worship Lord Brahma; on the west side is Ulun Kulkul to worship the god Mahadeva; and on the north side is the Pura Batumadeg intended to worship the god Vishnu.
In the complex Besakih often held various rituals of Hinduism that culminated in the celebration of every hundred years Besakih called Ekadasa Rudra (last done in 1979). Besides enjoying the historical heritage, distinctive architecture, as well as the celebration of religious rituals in the temple, tourists can also equip excursions to climb Mount Agung.
C. Location
Besakih Temple is located in the village of Besakih, District Rendang, Karangasem, Bali Province, Indonesia.
D. access
To get to Besakih, the tourists can embark on a journey from the city of Denpasar with a distance of about 25 km to the north. Alternatively, tourists can travel out of town Semarapura (Klungkung) to Besakih using public transport (minibus) and costs around Rp 5,000 (April 2008). Arriving at Rendang district, visitors are advised to get off at the entrance to the temple, not in the village Besakih is located approximately 1 km south of the Pura Besakih. From the gate of the temple, visitors can walk into the complex Besakih.
E. Ticket
Visitors who want to enter the temple are subject to an import duty of Rp 7,000 per person. When visitors drive a private car, then there is an additional fee of USD 3,000 for the parking fee (April 2008).
F. Accommodations and Other Facilities
Travellers who require a Balinese sarong as a requirement to enter the location of the temple can be hired around the site at a cost of Rp 3,000 to Rp 5,000 per glove. If you want to know the ins and outs of Besakih in terms of both history and architecture, tourists can hire a guide at a cost of around Rp 10,000 (April 2008).
Besakih complex has ample parking area for a wide variety of vehicles. In addition, around the parking lot there are stalls selling crafts and other souvenirs. If you need lodging or restaurants, around the temple also contained inns and various food stalls typical of Bali.
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